How Solar Generator Works? Internal Block Diagram
Solar Generator is an electronic device that is a combination of Solar PV Cells and some electronic circuitry. The solar generator converts the solar energy into electrical energy and after processing this electrical energy is provided to different types of electrical loads. Here, we are going to see the internal block diagram and working principle of a portable solar generator although all types of solar generators work on the same principle. The portable solar generator is suitable for setup and carrying anywhere. Generally, it is a portable device consisting of a battery and different types of electronic circuits.
We can carry the solar panel and the solar generator device anywhere. Just connecting the solar panel to that device we can use it. Generally, 12V solar panels are used for these portable devices.
Here, you can see the internal block diagram of the solar generator which will help us to understand its working principle quickly.
The main parts of a Solar Generator are described below,
Solar Panel
It converts solar energy into electrical energy in the form of direct current. Its output depends upon the intensity of light falling on the solar panel.
Solar Charge Controller
It is the most important part of the system. It takes the electrical power supply from the solar panel and makes it suitable for charging the battery. Without a solar charge controller or directly connecting the battery to the solar panel, it will not charge the battery properly. The solar charge controller is basically a DC-to-DC converter that handles the voltage and current to the battery during charging.
Battery
A battery is a storage device that can store the electrical energy. The solar charger charges the battery for use in the future when the solar panel is not able to generate power, especially at night time when light is not available.
Rectifier/Charger
The rectifier is not a part of the solar generator. It is mainly used in portable devices or when we want to charge the battery from other electrical power sources such as utility power. It helps to convert our 120V or 230V AC supply into 12V or 24V DC(as per battery rating) power supply to charge the battery manually.
DC-DC Converter
A DC-DC converter is used when we use low-power DC loads with the solar generator such as USB Charging, LED lighting, DC Fans, etc. It basically, takes the power supply from the battery and makes it suitable to provide the output DC loads. For example, it can convert the 12V DC into 5V DC for USB charging.
Boost Inverter
A DC-AC Converter or Inverter is used to convert the DC power from the battery into an AC power supply to drive the AC loads. For example, if a solar generator has a battery of 12V or 24V then the inverter is used to convert this 12V or 24V into 230V or 120V AC so we can use it for our AC loads such as lamps, fans, and other loads.
Main Controller
It is used in advanced systems to collect different information from the different parts of the circuit and show them in the display such as charging status, battery voltage status, and output current status. Also, it controls the converter, and inverter circuit by sending signals to them. Generally, it is built with a microprocessor or microcontroller unit.
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How Solar Generator Works? Internal Block Diagram
Reviewed by Author
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December 10, 2022
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Reviewed by Author
on
December 10, 2022
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