CMOS Applications, Uses, and Advantages

Here is the list of the most common uses of CMOS technology are,

1. Processing devices such as microprocessors
2. Computer CPU
3. Microcontroller
4. Digital Data Storage or Memory such as Static RAM
5. Flash Memory
6. Electrical energy storage such as CMOS battery
7. Data Converter Circuits
8. RF CMOS - RF Circuits
9. Image Sensors
10. Digital Microchips
11. Electronic Register Circuits

CMOS stands for Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. CMOS is a logical circuit built with Metal Oxide Semiconductor and it is the most common technology used to build digital integrated circuits We already listed the most common applications of CMOS Logic in the above section.

CMOS circuit is built with both N-type and P-type semiconductors. And they are connected in a complementary way. There are three types of MOS technology that are well-known - 1. PMOS 2. NMOS and 3. CMOS. CMOS logic has more advantages than others.

The main advantages of the CMOS logic circuit are,

1. Very low and Static Power Consumption
2. Low power dissipation
3. Less heat production
4. Ultra-fast switching operations
5. A very high noise margins.
6. Wide range of operating voltage

Here are some examples of ICs built using CMOS technology,

• CD4017(decade counter IC)
• CD4001(quad 2-input NOR gate IC)
• CD4093(quad NAND gate IC)
• 74HC595(shift register IC)
• 74HC14(hex inverter IC)
• CD4060(binary counter and oscillator IC)
• CD4051(analog multiplexer/demultiplexer IC)

In the CMOS logical circuit, the same signal can operate when both of the transistors are connected in a complementary way. For example, while it turns ON one transistor, the other transistor gets turned OFF. In the below basic CMOS circuit diagram, you will see there are two transistors - P-Channel MOSFET and N-Channel MOSFET. The source terminal of the P channel MOSFET is to be connected to the positive voltage or Vdd whereas the source terminal of the N channel MOSFET is to be connected to the ground. The drain terminal of both transistors is connected together and used as the input terminal. CMOS is generally built with Enhancement type MOSFETs.

The transistors used in CMOS have a threshold voltage below which the flow of current decreases gradually. The Static CMOS circuits are very power efficient. They dissipate power almost near to zero. They only wasted power during switching. Also, they produce very little heat.

As the digital circuits are operated with a very small amount of power so the leakage current is a very important concern. When we are talking about CMOS logic, there is almost no leakage current. So it does not affect the total power consumption. 

As we know that the CMOS logic is built with PMOS and NMOS transistors so there is a duality can be seen in its characteristics. Generally, the NAND gate and OR gate are built with CMOS Logic. For a NAND gate when both inputs are high the NMOS transistors will conduct current but the PMOS transistors will not conduct any current. Same when both the inputs are low NMOS transistors will not conduct any current but the PMOS transistors will conduct current. When any one of the inputs is low, one of the NMOS transistors will be turned off.

Read Also: 

• [BEST] Application and Uses of Logic Gates with Practical Examples
• AND Gate Truth Table, Internal Circuit Design, Symbol
• What are Decoders? Block Diagram, Truth Table, Types
• Difference Between Combinational and Sequential Circuit
• Half Adder and Full Adder Circuit Diagram, Truth Table

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