Car Starter Solenoid Wiring and Connection Diagram Explained

Hey, in this article we are going g to see and understand the car starter solenoid wiring and connection diagram. We all know that a starter(basically an electrical DC Motor) is used to crank the engine in our vehicles. The complete starter motor comes with two main parts - the starter solenoid and the actual motor. During the starting and stopping of the motor, the starter solenoid is to be controlled.

What is a Starter Solenoid in a Car?

The complete starter motor and solenoid set have two parts the small cylindrical part is the solenoid whereas the large cylindrical part is the motor. A starter solenoid is nothing but an electromagnetic switch that works on the principle of electromagnetism. Basically, it has two thick contacts where input and output terminals are to be connected. It has a magnetic coil that actually makes connections and disconnections between two contacts. The magnetic coil is designed to operate with low voltage and low current and the contacts are designed to carry a very high current. 

So when a power supply is applied to the magnetic coil of the starter it will close the contact and when the power supply is removed from the solenoid it will disconnect the contact. So a three-pole or three-terminal solenoid starter has three terminals named as Input Terminal, the 'S' Terminal, and the Output terminal. The output terminal is already connected to the starter motor we just need to use only the input terminal and S terminal for the actual connection.

What is a Starter Motor?

The starter motor is the actual device that rotates to crank the engine. It is a DC motor and is designed to operate with a very high current. Generally, the vehicle starter motors are designed to operate with either 24V or 12V DC. The positive terminal of the motor is connected to the output terminal of the starter solenoid whereas the negative terminal is connected to its body. The neutral terminal is to be connected to the chassis ground. In the wiring diagram, you can clearly see all the terminals of the motor and solenoid.

Starter Solenoid Wiring and Connection Diagram

Here you can see the wiring diagram of Starter Solenoid.

The main parts of these wiring are,

Fuse

A fuse is a protective device that is used to break the circuit when an overload or short circuit fault occurs. Basically, it has a wire that will melt during the fault. Here in the wiring diagram, you can see the fuse is connected in series after the battery. So if any fault happens with the circuitry or the motor it will disconnect the circuit from the battery.

Ignition Switch

It is connected in series after the switch. It is on or off by a key. The actual car or vehicle key is used for this. Basically, it has two terminals one terminal is connected to the battery whereas the other terminal is to be connected to the circuit.

Starter Relay

It also connected in series after the ignition switch. Generally, it has four terminals two terminals are connected in series with the actual circuit whereas the other two terminals are connected to the ground and control circuit.

Connection Description

Here, you can see the negative terminal(black wire) is directly connected to the motor's negative point(body) and the chassis ground. The positive terminal of the battery is directly connected to the motor input terminal with a thick wire. Another positive terminal of the battery is connected to the 'S' terminal of the motor through the Fuse, ignition key, and starter relay.

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