Types and Examples of Electrical Machine with Function

Electrical machines are those that reduce human effort by either transferring electrical energy or converting the electrical energy into another form of energy such as mechanical energy or any other form of energy. A transformer is an electrical machine that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit. On the other hand, a motor is also an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electrical machines are classified according to their construction, operation, applications, working, and characteristics. In this article, we are going to know all the types of electric machines and electrical machine examples.

Electrical Machines Types

According to the construction, electrical machines are classified into two types,

1. Static Machine
2. Dynamic Machine

Static machines are those which do not have any movable parts. On the other hand, dynamic machines are those which have a moving part.

According to the nature of the input or output power supply, electrical machines are divided into three types,

1. AC Machine
2. DC Machine
3. Universal Machine

AC machines are those that operate with AC(Alternating Current) power Supply. Its input or output power supply is AC.

DC machines are those that operate with DC(Direct Current) Power Supply. Their input or output power supply is DC.

Universal Machines are those which work with both AC and DC power supplies.

According to the phases of input and output power supply, electrical machines are classified into major three types,

1. Single Phase Machine
2. Two-phase or Double-phase Machine
3. Three-phase or poly-phase Machine

Single Phase Electrical machines are those that work with 110V or 220V single-phase AC Supply. They have phase and neutral to connect with the power supply.

Two-phase or Double-phase machines are those which work with a 440V power supply. But they do not require all three phases, they used only two phases of a three-phase power source. 

Three-phase electrical machines are those that work with a 440V power supply and they require all three phases.

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Electrical Machine Examples

The most common examples of electrical machines are Transformers, Generator, and Motor.

The main function of an electric transformer is to transfer the electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit by increasing or decreasing the voltage level. An electrical transformer can change the voltage level but keep constant power and frequency.

The main function of an electrical generator is to generate electricity or convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. When the rotor of the generator is rotated by an external prime mover, it generates electricity.

The main function of an electrical motor is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. When a power supply is applied to an electric motor its movable part starts rotating.

Examples of Static Electric Machine

An electrical transformer is an example of a static electric machine.

Dynamic Electric Machine Example

Electric Motors, Generators, and alternators are examples of dynamic electrical machines.

Example of AC Machine

Transformers, alternators, and AC motors are examples of AC machines. They use an alternating power supply for their operation.

DC Machine Example

DC Motors and DC Generators are examples of DC machines.

Universal Machine Examples

A universal electric motor is an example of a universal electric machine that can work with both AC and DC power supplies.

Example of Single Phase Machine

Single Phase Transformers and single-phase induction motors are examples of single-phase electric machines.

Example of Two-Phase or Double-Phase Machine

Two-phase reluctance motors and two-phase shaded pole induction motors are examples of two-phase electrical machines.

Three Phase Machine Examples

Three-phase transformers, Power transformers, Distribution transformers, synchronous motors, and three-phase induction motors are examples of three-phase electrical machines.

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