Direct Current (DC) Advantages, Disadvantages, Properties
DC supply or the Direct Current Supply is the nature of electrical energy. There are mainly two forms of electrical supply - 1. DC or Direct Current Supply and 2. AC or Alternating Current Supply. Both forms of electricity have their own advantages and disadvantages and field of applications. In this article, we are going to discuss the Direct Current or DC advantages and disadvantages. Before going to know the advantages and disadvantages you must know the characteristics or properties of DC supply.
DC(Direct Current) Characteristic or Properties
1. The magnitude of the DC supply is always constant, it does not change with time like the AC supply.
2. The direction of flow of the current of the DC supply is also unidirectional. The current always flows from positive to negative.
3. DC power supply has a constant polarity - Positive and Negative
4. Capacitance and Inductance effect does not occur with the DC supply.
5. DC has a unity power factor, so it does not affect anything. So we can say DC has no power factor.
6. DC can be stored in a battery, supercapacitor, etc.
7. As the DC supply is constant, there are no changes in magnitude and polarity over time, so the DC supply has no Frequency.
8. Due to its constant in nature, the DC supply is more powerful than the AC supply for the same voltage level.
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Direct Current(DC) Advantages
1. Let's start with generation. DC power can be generated from renewable clean energy sources such as solar energy. So it does not make any pollution. If we see at the case of the generation of AC power supply, most are related to complex design and subjected to pollution such as thermal energy, nuclear energy, etc.
2. The magnitude and polarity are constant for DC supply so they are very energy efficient. If we see the AC power supply, the magnitude is changing with time so they are not as energy efficient as DC, in fact, their power factor issue, and noise occurs.
3. As the nature of DC supply is constant, so it is most suitable for electronic circuits. Due to that, all electronic devices work on DC supply.
4. DC supply-operated machines, devices such as motors, and lights are very highly efficient than AC supply-operated devices or machines.
5. There is no inductance and capacitance effect that occurs with the DC supply, so DC circuits are noise-free, low power loss, high efficient.
6. Another great advantage of DC(Direct Current) is energy storage. Yes, electrical energy can be stored very easily in a battery or supercapacitor in the form of direct current or DC but AC can not be stored.
7. DC power transmission and distribution is low expensive than AC power transmission and distribution for a small distance.
8. Modern digital electronic communication systems, control systems, and technology all are dependent upon the DC power supply only not AC.
9. DC power system required less insulation arrangement than an AC power system having the same voltage level because the AC has peak voltage.
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Disadvantages of Direct Current or DC
1. DC generators are more complex than AC generators. In fact, DC cannot be generated at a very high voltage due to the commutation problem.
2. Although DC transmission and distribution are more simpler and low expensive than AC for small distances but DC cannot be transmitted over a long distance because it cannot be stepped up or stepped down.
3. AC to DC conversion is very simple but when coming to the point to DC to AC conversion, it is more complex, and proper output also can not be obtained.
4. Although DC machines are more efficient than AC machines but they have complex construction and working mechanisms. For example, if we see the AC motor and DC motor, the AC motor is very simple in design than a DC motor.
5. As the inductance and capacitance effect does not occur with DC supply, so some important theories such as electromagnetic induction, and shunt reactance cannot be used for practical applications.
6. DC supply-operated electrical machines, devices such as DC motors, and DC circuit breakers are more expensive than AC supply-operated machines and devices due to their complex design.
7. DC voltage cannot be stepped up or stepped down in an easy way. In the case of AC, we just need a transformer to step up or step down the voltage, but in the case of DC, it is very complex. First, we have to convert the DC into AC then need to step up or step down the voltage. In fact, there is more power loss occurs when we step up or step down the DC voltage.
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Direct Current (DC) Advantages, Disadvantages, Properties
Reviewed by Author
on
May 21, 2021
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Reviewed by Author
on
May 21, 2021
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