Why we use 220V, 50Hz AC at home instead of DC or other voltage?

Why we use 220V, 50Hz AC at home instead of DC or other voltage?

If you are a reader from India then this article will be very helpful for you. According to the nature of the current, we have two types of electric power supply one is AC and the other is DC. We know that AC is used for transmission and distribution purposes. There are different voltage levels specified for the transmission and distribution of electric power. But we have use 220V, 50Hz AC in our home. Today we are going to know Why we use 220V, 50Hz AC supply, not DC or not any other voltage level or other frequency.

Why we use AC instead of DC at home?

1. As the AC is used for transmission and distribution purposes or in other words, as the AC supply is given to our home or office so we use the AC Supply.
2. As we know that the conversion of DC to AC is more complex than AC to DC, we use AC supply at our home because in our home or office, some devices need AC and some devices need DC. So we can easily convert AC to DC and use it.
3. As we know that we cannot increase or decrease the voltage level of DC easily so use AC because if any device needs more voltage than our given supply voltage we can easily increase the voltage level by a step-up transformer.
4. Many of us use Stabilizer in our home or office which helps to maintain the voltage level when low or high voltage occurs. And the Stabilizer works with the transformer which step-up and step-down the voltage as the requirement. I mean to say that if we use AC there is a facility to overcome high voltage or low voltage problems in our house.

Why we use 220V supply not other voltage levels?

Suppose a Load needs the 440W power(P) supply to work. If we use the voltage(V) 100V then the value of the flow of current(I) will be (440/100)=4.4 amp from the equation P = VI 

Now if we use 220V voltage then the value of the flow of current will be (440/220V)=2 amp

So it is clear that if we use high voltage then the flow of current will be low which gives the facilities,

1. A thin conductor can be used.
2. Low heating.
3. Low copper loss.

But there is a problem that if we use high voltage it is not safe for us. So keep these reasons in mind we use the standard voltage level 220V

Why we use 50Hz supply not other frequencies?

If we use the low-frequency supply then the lights are connected to the supply will be blinking slowly and our eyes will catch the blinking of the light. But if we use a high-frequency supply then the lights are connected to the supply will be blinking fastly and our eyes could not catch the blinking of the light. 

But there are some problems, if we use a very high-frequency supply then the Eddy Current loss and Hysteresis loss will be high and the life of lamps also will be decreased. So using a very low frequency and a very high frequency both can affect our electrical systems and we need more complex designs.

So keep these reasons in mind we use the standard frequency 50Hz.

Read Also: 

• Which is more dangerous AC or DC? Explained in details
• The main important difference between AC and DC-Full explanation
• Why Resistance of a Winding or Coil always measured with DC not AC?
• [Explained] Battery can store AC or DC and Why?
• [Explained] Why Inductor block AC and Capacitor block DC?
• Voltage and Current Source Example, Properties, Difference

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